The suffering of the Jews in the years 1938–1945, culminating in the tragedies in the extermination camps, is still overshadowed by the fact that the Czechoslovak Jews did not surrender to the fate of the persecuted community and, despite the increased terror, joined the resistance in Bohemia, Moravia and Slovakia. Thousands of them became members of the Czechoslovak army and fought against Nazism on all fronts of the Second World War with arms in hand.